Lugubre
Lugubrious, mournful
"Lugubre" is an Italian term that translates to "lugubrious" or "mournful" in English, conveying the meanings of "gloominess" or "solemnity".
In music, "lugubre" is an expression marking used to instruct performers to play with a mournful or gloomy quality, evoking a sense of darkness and solemnity.
In other words, when interpreting "lugubre", performers should aim to create a musical performance that conveys a sense of mournfulness and solemn atmosphere, allowing the audience to experience a musical ambiance that reflects the somber and melancholic nature of the piece being played.
Example of Lugubre
Franz Liszt ‒ La lugubre gondola, I & II, S200
Common Expression Markings
| Musical Terms | Meaning |
| Affettuoso | Affectionate, expressive |
| Agitato | Agitated, restless |
| Animato | Animated, lively |
| Appassionato | Passionate, emotional |
| Brillante | Brilliant, shining |
| Brioso | Lively, vivacious |
| Bruscamente | Abruptly, suddenly |
| Buffo | Comic, humorous |
| Cantabile | Singing, song-like |
| Celere | Fast, quick |
| Colossale | Colossal, enormous |
| Comodo | Comfortable, convenient |
| Con amore | With love, affectionately |
| Con brio | With vigor, with spirit |
| Con forza | With force, with strength |
| Con fuoco | With fire, with passion |
| Con grazia | With grace, with elegance |
| Con moto | With motion, with movement |
| Con spirito | With spirit, with energy |
| Dolce | Sweet, gentle |
| Doloroso | Sorrowful, painful |
| Drammatico | Dramatic |
| Energico | Energetic, forceful |
| Espressivo | Expressive |
| Feroce | Fierce, ferocious |
| Festoso | Festive, joyful |
| Furioso | Furious, violent |
| Giocoso | Playful, joyful |
| Grandioso | Grand, majestic |
| Grazioso | Graceful |
| Lacrimoso | Tearful, weeping |
| Leggiero | Light |
| Maestoso | Majestic |
| Marcato | Emphasized, accentuated |
| Misterioso | Mysterious |
| Pesante | Heavy, weighty |
| Risoluto | Resolute, with determination |
| Scherzando | Jokingly, playful |
| Semplicemente | Simple, plainly |
| Slancio | Impulse, momentum |
| Solitario | Solitary, lonely |
| Sonore | Sonorous, resonant |
| Sostenuto | Sustained, steady |
| Sotto voce | Soft voice |
| Tranquillo | Calm, peaceful |
| Volante | Flying, light |